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    • Every year I set aside at least one "think week" to get away and update
      myself on the latest technical developments
       -- reading PhD theses, using
      competitive products, reading books, newsletters and anything I can get
      my hands on. Several valuable thoughts have come out of these retreats
      (tables for Word, outlining in Excel, treating DOS as more of an asset),
      however the complexity of the industry and its techology means that a lot
      of my time is spent just trying to keep up rather than coming up with new
      product ideas. It is no longer possible for any person, even our "architects",
      to understand everything that is going on. Networking, processors, linguistics,
      multimedia, development tools, and user interfaces are just a subset of the
      technologies that will affect Microsoft. My role is to understand enough
      to set direction. I enjoy these weeks a great deal -- not because I get
      away from the issues of running Microsoft but rather because I get to think 
      more clearly about how to best lead the company away from problems and 
      toward opportunities
      . A lot of people choose things for me to read. By
      the end of the week I make an effort to synthesize the best ideas and make 
      our technical strategy clear.
      [...]
      Recently a long time employee mentioned that we seem to have more challenges
      facing us now than ever before. Although I agree that it feels that way
      I can say with confidence that it has felt that way every year for the
      last 15
      . We decided to pursue a broad product strategy from the very
      beginning of the company and that means we have a lot of competitors.
      [...]
      RIGIDITY/PRICING: In the Autodesk memo, Walker talks about the short term
      thinking that high profitability can generate. He cites specific examples 
      such as a very conservative approach to giving out free software or a desire
      to maintain fixed percentages for the wrong reasons. Microsoft priced DOS
      even lower than we do today to help it get established. I wonder if we would
      be as aggressive today. This is not a simplistic advocacy for just lowering
      our prices -- our prices in the US are about where they should be. However
      the price of success is that people fail to allow the kind of investments
      that will lead to incredible profits in the future. For example we have 
      gotten away without funding any internal or external research. Nathan is 
      working with me to put together a
lan
    • plan that will end up costing $10M
      per year about two years from now. I have no plan to reduce our spending
      in some other category by $10M. Microsoft is good at investing in new 
subsidaries
    • subsidiaries and even at investing in new products (database, mail, BBU,
      networking). Most of our rigidity comes when we have a very profitable 
      product and when the market changes. In these circumstances we should
      spend more or charge less, but our systems locks us into staying the same and
      losing share.
      [...]
      When the US Goverment DOD moves software procurement to a separate contract, 
      the price per user of software will end up around 0. Why shouldn't some small
      organization price their product at say $1M for the entire US Government for
      all time? We would if we were small and hungry.
       Fortunately most organizations
      don't force cheap software on their end users.

      Another price concern that I have is that companies will eventually equip
      all the employees that need software with a full complement of packages,
      and our only revenue opportunity will be upgrades or ephermeral information.
      although this problem is over five years away, I think it is important to
      keep in mind. [Nathan: They've now moved to a subscription model for Microsoft Office.]

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    • Bill shows off his book collection. He has a huge collection of Teaching Company lectures on natural sciences. He carries around a big sack of paper books and likes to write comments in the front of the book.

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    • Charlie Rose asks about Bill's old aggressive behavior; Bill says that it was because he was treating other people the way he treats himself, which is to be very tough on himself when he makes a mistake. He says he's learned that other people don't always respond to that tough response the same way he does (which is to get motivated to do better).
  • 2016.10.17 - The David Rubenstein Show - Bill Gates Full Interview